The Development of Teaching Comics to Improve Interest in Reading Civic Education in MIN Ramba Padang, South Tapanuli Regency, Indonesia

Indonesians seek information from social media more than books. Development of PPKn teaching materials in increasing reading interest MIN Ramba Padang in South Tapanuli district will focus on PPKn material such as joint decisions. The development of this teaching material is in the form of comics. The purpose of this study was to develop comic teaching materials to increase students' reading interest in PPKn subjects at MIN Ramba Padangkab Selatan Tapanuli Regency. This research method is research and development (R & D) method. This model is used to develop comics as teaching materials in high school SD / MI classes. While the subjects in this study were class V MIN Ramba Padang students who were located in Sipagimbar village, South Tapanuli regency as many as 17 people. The results of the study use the research method with ADDIE model.


Introduction
Reading interest in Indonesia is very low, even compared to other countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. In reality, Indonesians seek information from social media more than books. For us, the book is an old-fashioned tool caused by being tempted by Android technology that is easier to carry around. World bank report no. 16369-IND (Education in Indonesia from Crisis to Recovery) states that the reading rate of the sixth grade of elementary schools in Indonesia is only able to score 51.7 below the Philippines (52.6), Thailand (65.1) and Singapore (74, 0).Somadayo stated that every aspect of life involved reading activities. In fact, interest in reading society, especially children as students, is still low.This is a challenge for teachers in elementary school education.
The low reading interest is caused by several things including the high price of books and the limited library facilities that cause reading is no longer a means of learning and entertainment for the people of Indonesia. Indonesian people prefer to buy television rather than buy books.To overcome this, teachers are required to be able to make innovations in the learning process. It aims to create an active, innovative, creative, effective and fun learning process. One effort to create this atmosphere, the teacher is able to make teaching materials that can make students interested in reading. One of the teaching materials is comics.
Educational deterioration is not caused by the curriculum, but by the lack of teacher professionalism and lack of student motivation. Professionalism emphasizes the mastery of Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Volume I, No 3, October 2018, Page: 71-83 e-ISSN: 2615-3076(Online), p-ISSN: 2615-1715 www. birci-journal.com emails; birci.journal@gmail.com birci.journal.org@gmail.com science, classroom management, and learning theory. Professionalism is not just material knowledge, but is able to master technology, child psychology, and have the skills in making teaching materials. Professional teachers are basically determined by hard skills and soft skills.
Based on the results of the analysis of the interim researcher at MIN Ramba Padang, Sipagimbar village, South Tapanuli regency, in teaching in the classroom the teacher relied more on textbooks. Frequently teaching materials that are textbook center (centered on textbooks) make students feel bored in learning. In addition, the learning resources are very lacking for every student, this is due to teachers who are less creative in finding and making teaching materials. This finding is an impact of problems that will later become a factor students are no longer interested in reading. Until now the school is in desperate need of learning resources that contain teaching materials related to subject matter, even though the source of learning is one of the tools that must be owned by every school. This factor that makes students have no interest in reading is due to the lack of textbooks in the MIN Ramba Padang school. The learning resources that are not enough to make students interested in reading are caused by books that have been torn or used for years so that the book is not interesting to read. This is supported by the acquisition of interest in reading PPKn MIN Ramba Padang students as follows: Based on the table above, it can be concluded that there are still low data on students' interest with a percentage of 30% in the odd semester and 32% in the middle of the even semester. This reality is a rebuke for teachers to fix problems that occur in order to increase student interest in reading MIN Ramba Padang Sipagimbar village, South Tapanuli district.
In connection with these problems need to be addressed by the teacher in learning who must have creativity in making teaching materials. Teachers do not have to expect books from the government, but are able to innovate in designing teaching materials that make students understand the lesson. The material to be taught is not just textbooks, newspapers, magazines. But comics can also be used as material for teaching, because comics can stimulate students due to the funny color combinations and stories. In addition, comics can also change the character of children later, due to the characters in comics that can make children enter the story in the comic.
Development of PPKn teaching materials in increasing reading interest MIN Ramba Padang in South Tapanuli district will focus on PPKn material such as joint decisions. The importance of joint decision material that students must apply in their daily lives. Therefore the development of this teaching material should be developed, in order to apply the attitude of decision with students. The development of this teaching material is in the form of comics.

Formulation of Problem
Based on the background stated, the problem of developing comic teaching materials can be formulated to increase the reading interest of MIN Ramba Padang students as follows: 1. How is the design of comic teaching materials developed in PPKn subjects used by MIN Ramba Padang students in South Tapanuli district? 2. How is the validity and effectiveness of teaching materials developed at MIN Ramba Padang, South Tapanuli district? 3. How to increase the results of reading interest of students of MIN Ramba Padang in South Tapanuli district by using comic book materials for PPKn subjects? 4.

Objective of The Research
In general, the purpose of this study was to develop comic teaching materials to increase students' reading interest in PPKn subjects at MIN Ramba Padangkab Selatan Tapanuli Regency. While specifically this research aims to: 1. Producing the design of comic teaching materials in the PPKn subjects used by MIN Ramba Padangkab Selatan Tapanuli district students. 2. Analyzing the validity and effectiveness of teaching materials developed at MIN Ramba Padang, South Tapanuli district.

Knowing the increasing reading interest of MIN Ramba Padang students in South
Tapanuli district by using comic teaching materials in PPKn subjects. 4.

Limitation of Term
The limittation of term in this study are as follows: 1. Comic Teaching Materialsis material in the form of illustrated stories. 2. Student Reading Interestis the result of students' observation of comic teaching materials to increase reading interest of MIN Ramba Padang students in South Tapanuli district focusing on class 5.

Variables and Definition of Operational Variables
The variables involved in this research can be explained as follows: a. PPKn reading interestis an assessment conducted by teachers and researchers. Determination of increasing interest in reading PPKn students. The student's reading interest in question includes listening or paying attention to students directly. b. Comic teaching materialsThe determination of the validity of the quality of comic teaching materials is based on an assessment determined by a team of experts consisting of three experts, namely: (1) Volume I, No 3, October 2018, Page: 71-83 e-ISSN: 2615-3076(Online), p-ISSN: 2615-1715 www. birci-journal.com emails; birci.journal@gmail.com birci.journal.org@gmail.com c. Teacher and student responsesused to determine the quality of comic teaching materials in increasing students' reading interest through questionnaires.

II. Method of The Research
This research method is research and development (R & D) method. This model is used to develop comics as teaching materials in high school SD / MI classes. While the subjects in this study were class V MIN Ramba Padang students who were located in Sipagimbar village, South Tapanuli regency as many as 17 people. The object in this study is the development of comic teaching materials and increasing students' interest in reading PPKn. The trial was conducted at MIN Ramba Padang in Sipagimbar village, South Tapanuli regency with the following considerations: a. Openness of school principals and teacher councils to accept innovation in the constructive teaching and learning process. b. The low reading interest of students in learning PPKn by using teaching materials used so far. While the object of this research is the development of comic teaching materials.
This study uses the ADDIE research and development model. Here are the ADDIE stages in the picture below.

III. Result of The Research
The following results of the study use the research method with ADDIE model:

Stages of the Analysis (Analysis)
Based on the results of the preliminary analysis at MIN Ramba Padang, Sipagimbar Village, South Tapanuli district, in class learning, teachers relied more on textbooks. Even there are still many students who do not get a package book, so students only have one book on one table consisting of two students. In addition, teaching materials that are textbook center (centered on textbooks) make students feel bored in learning. In addition, the learning resources are very lacking for every student, this is due to teachers who are less creative in finding and making teaching materials. The data obtained by the percentage of students' interest in reading PPKn in the 2017/2018 academic year in the odd semester is 30% and the mid semester is even 32%.

4.
Comic material is translated through pictures and dialogs that clearly express facial, background, line of motion, and word balloons 46 5. Profile of the author 1

Comic Synopsis 1
The Total of Whole Pages 53

1) PPKn Reading Interest in Trials Based on Questionnaire
PPKn reading interest in grade V students when using Comic Teaching Materials in trial I and in trial II based on questionnaires is presented in the Table below.

Figure 3. Image of Student Reading Interest Based on Questionnaire
The table above shows that class V students obtained questionnaire values for the average PPKn reading interest, which was 69.71 in the first trial and 92.94 in the second trial. This shows that there is a difference even an increase in the score of PPKn reading interest questionnaire from the first product trial to the second product trial.

2) PPKn Reading Interest in Trials Based on Observations
PPKn reading interest in grade V students when using Comic Teaching Materials in trial I and in trial II based on Observations are presented in the Table below.  Volume I, No 3, October 2018, Page: 71-83 e-ISSN: 2615-3076(Online), p-ISSN: 2615-1715 www. birci-journal.com emails; birci.journal@gmail.com birci.journal.org@gmail

Figure 4. Pictures of Student Reading Interest Based on Observations
The table and figure above show that grade V students obtained observation values for the average reading interest of PPKn, namely 67.23 in the first trial and 90.34 in the second trial. This shows that there is a difference even an increase in the score of PPKn reading interest observation from the first product trial to the second product trial.

3) The Results of Product Effectiveness Test
Gain score or increase in interest in reading PPKn for grade V students was obtained from value reduction in trial II and trial I. The results of the gain score test for students who used Comic Teaching Materials based on Questionnaire and based on Observations are presented in the table and figure below.  Figure 5. Picture of Gain Score Test Results

IV. Conclusion
This stage (evaluation) is the final stage in this study. Evaluation is carried out on the results of product feasibility tests and product effectiveness testing in increasing PPKn reading interest. The evaluation results are used as the final conclusions regarding the results of product analysis developed, and used as a benchmark for the success of researchers in answering questions in this study. Therefore the average rating of the expert validator, which is equal to 95.56% or categorized as very valid so it is stated that the developed Comic teaching material is very suitable for use by fifth grade students of elementary schools, especially to increase their reading interest in PPKn subjects.
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Volume I, No 3, October 2018, Page: 71-83 e-ISSN: 2615-3076(Online), p-ISSN: 2615-1715 www. birci-journal.com emails; birci.journal@gmail.com birci.journal.org@gmail.com Then the average increase in students 'reading interest in PPKn using comic teaching materials either through questionnaires or observations has reached a high improvement category with a score of more than 23. So it is concluded that Comic teaching materials developed effectively can increase students' reading interest, especially in the eyes PPKn lessons with joint decision material for fifth grade elementary school students.