The Implementation of Child Livelihood Payment after Divorce Occurs in the Perspective of the Shafi` School of Fiqh and Positive Law (Post-Court Judgment Analysis Study in North Sumatra)

Asmuni Asmuni; Pagar Hasibuan; Ahmad Zuhri Rangkuti

doi:10.33258/birci.v4i1.1717

The Implementation of Child Livelihood Payment after Divorce Occurs in the Perspective of the Shafi` School of Fiqh and Positive Law (Post-Court Judgment Analysis Study in North Sumatra)

Asmuni Asmuni, Pagar Hasibuan, Ahmad Zuhri Rangkuti

Abstract

As many as 80% of the judges' verdicts at the North Sumatra Religious Court (PA Sumut) were ignored by their former husbands, excluding education and health costs. This study aims: (1) to find out how to pay for children's livelihoods after divorce, from the perspective of the Syāfi`ī school of jurisprudence, (2) to find out how to pay for child support after divorce, with a positive legal perspective (3) to find out how to determine children's livelihoods after divorce from the perspective of the fiqh school of thought Shafi`ī PA North Sumatra. This research uses field research methods by collecting primary data with direct interview respondents, direct observation in North Sumatra PA, collecting closely related data and information, supported by library research methods. This type of research is field research. This research approach is sociological juridical. The nature of the research is descriptive-analysis. The data sources were obtained from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Data collection methods by means of interviews and documentation. Research conclusions: (1) how to pay for child support after divorce from the perspective of the Syāfi`ī school of jurisprudence, namely a) asking or taking the method directly according to the local urf, b) giving it directly by the ex-husband or through a representative according to the local urf, c) filing a lawsuit. (2) The method of paying for children's livelihoods after divorce from a positive legal perspective, namely: a), handing over directly to the mother, b) the Court's decision due to divorce or sue (3) The way North Sumatra PA determines children's livelihoods after divorce, namely through: a) the child's mother, b) a verdict, c) filing a lawsuit.

Keywords

child livelihood; divorce; fiqh; positive law; Religious Court

Full Text:

PDF

References

Asy-Syāfi`ī. (2009). Ḥabrul Ummah wa Imām al-Aimmah al-Imām Abū `Abdullāh Muḥammad Al-Imām Abū `Abdullāh in Muḥammad bin Idrīs. Al-Um. Bāirūt: Dār al-Fikr, jilid II, cet. 1.

_________.(2009). Abū `Abdullāh Muḥammad Al-Imām Abū `Abdullāh in Muḥammad bin Idrīs. Al-Um. Bāirūt: Dār al-Fikr, jilid III, cet. 1.

Abū al-Ḥasan. (1994)`Ali bin Muḥammad bin Ḥabīb al-Māwardī al-Baṣarī, Al-Ḥāwī al-Kabīru fī Fiqhi Mażhab al-Imām asy-Syāfi`ī wa Huwa Syarḥ Mukhtashar al-Muzani, ditahqīq oleh Syaikh `Ali Muḥammad Mu`awwaḍ dan Syaikh `Adil Aḥmad Abdul Maujūd. Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyyah, jilid XI.

`Ayyāḍ. (1979). As-Sayyid Ṣāliḥ. Aṡaru al-`Urf fī at-Tasyrī` al-Islāmī. Kairo: Dār al-Kitāb al-Jāmi`ī.

As-Sijistāni. (2009). Imām al-Ḥāfiẓ Abī Dāud Sulaimān bin al-Asy`aṡ al-Azadi. Sunan Abī Dāwud, taqīq dan takhrīj hadis oleh Syu`aib al-Arnuṭ, et. al. Bairūt: Dār ar-Risālah al-Ālamiyyah, cet. I, Jilid. III.

Asy-Syīrāzī. (2014). Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm `Ali bin Yūsuf al-Fairūz Abādī. Al-Muhażżab fi Fiqhi al-Imām asy-Syāfi`ī. Kairo: Ad-Dārul `Ālamiyyah li an-Nasyr wa at-Tauzī`, cet. I.

As-Sirjāni, Rāġib. (2010). Ruḥamā` Bainahum: Qiṣṣah at-Takāful wa al-Iġāṡah fī al-Ḥaḍārah al-Islāmiyyah. Giza-Mesir: Nahḍah Misr, cet. I.

Ahmad, La Ode Ismail. (2014). “Hadis Tentang Hak Nafkah Bagi Wanita yang Ditalak Tiga: Kasus Fāṭimah binti Qais,” dalam Jurnal Al-Maiyah. Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari.

Arikunto, Suharisimi.(1993) Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik (Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Ali, Zainuddin. (2006). Hukum Perdata Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, cet. I.

Ayuningtyas, Sekar.(2016). Manajemen Permasalahan Rumah Tangga: Beragam Solusi Cerdas Konflik Keluarga Anda. Yogyakarta: Sampang, cet. I.

Batubara, M.U. et al. (2019). Islamic Communication Pattern of Judges in Dealing Conflict of Muslim Families in the Religious Court Medan. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal). P. 373-386.

Bhakti, Yayasan Panca Wira. (1996). Bunga Rampai: Perilaku Tentang Kriminalitas Remaja dan Pemuda Beserta Pembinaannya. Jakarta, t.p.

Candra, Mardi. Aspek Perlindungan Anak Indonesia: Analisis tentang Perkawinan di Bawah Umur. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group, cet. I, 2018.

Departemen Agama R.I.(1997) Direktorat Jenderal Pembinaan Kelembagaan Agama Islam, Instruksi Presiden R.I. Nomor I Tahun 1991 Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Dir. Pembinaan Badan Peradilan Agama Islam.

Ḥabīb, Sa`īd Abū. (2011). Al-Qāmūs al-Fiqhi Lugatan wa Iṣṭilāḥan. Damaskus: Dār Nūr aṣ-Ṣabāḥ, cet. I.

Hartanto, Andy.(2010) Hukum Harta Kekayaan Perkawinan Menurut Burgerlijk Wetboek dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Yogyakarya: Laksbang Pressindo, cet. III, 2017.`Imarah, Muhammad. Ḥaqāiq wa Syubhāt Ḥaula Makānati al-Mar’ati fi al-Islāmi, Kairo: Dārussalām, cet. I.

Imām Muḥammad bin Ismā`īl bin Ṣalāh al-Amīr aṣ-Ṣan`ānī. (2007). Subul as-Salām Syarḥ Bulūg al-Marām min Jam`i Adillati al-Aḥkām. Kairo: Syirkat al-Quds li an-Nasyr wa at-Tauzī`, jilid III.

Ika.“Harga Bahan Pokok Turun di Tengah Pandemi Covi-19, Sumut Berpotensi Deflai Maret,” dalam suaratani.com.

Ismail, Asep Usman.(2012). Al-Qur’an dan Kesejahteraan Sosial: Sebuah Rintisan Membangun Paradigma Sosial Islam yang Berkeadilan dan Berkesejahteraan. Tangerang: Lentera Hati, cet. I.

Jarādāt, Aḥmad `Ali. (2016). Al-Ijtihād al-Qaḍā’ī li Maḥkamah al-Isti’nāf asy-Syar`iyyah fi al-Aḥwāl asy-Syakhaṣiyyah fi Ẓilli Qānūn al-Aḥwāl asy-Syakhaṣiyyah al-Jadīd. Ammān: Dārun Nūr al-Mubīn, Jilid II, cet. I.

Judiasih, Sonny Dewi. (2018). Perkawinan Bawah Umur Di Indonesia Beserta Perbandingan Usia Perkawinan dan Praktik Perkawinan Bawah Umur di Beberapa Negara. Bandung: Refika Aditama, cet. I.

Latief, M. Nur Hasan. (2016). “Pembaharuan Hukum Keluarga Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Pembatasan Usia Minimal Kawin dan Peningkatan Status Wanita”, dalam Jurnal Hukum: Novelty, vol. 7, no. 2 Agustus.

Muntamah, Ana Latifatul. (2019).“Pernikahan Dini Di Indonesia: Faktor Dan Peran Pemerintah: Perspektif Penegakan Dan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Anak,” dalam Widya Yutika Jurnal Hukum, vol. 2, no. 1.

Nuruddin, Amiur. et. al., Ed. Muhammad Iqbal. (2008). Metolodologi Penelitian Ilmu Syari`ah. Bandung: Ciptapustaka Media.

Noor, Juliansyah.(2013). Metodologi Penelitian: Skripsi, Tesis, Disertasi, dan Karya Ilmiah, cet. 3. Jakarta: Kencana.

Santrock, John W. (2007). Remaja. Jakarta: Erlangga, Edisi 11, Jilid 1.

Salim, Moh. Haitam. (2013). Pendidikan Agama dalam Keluarga: Revitalisasi Peran Keluarga Dalam Membangun Generasi Bangsa yang Berkarakter. Jogjakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media, cet. I.

Salinan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan.

Statistik, Badan Pusat. (2020). Pencegahan Perkawinan Anak: Percepatan yang Tidak Bisa Ditunda, tahun.

Syah, Ahmad Syahid. Pelaksanaan Pembayaran Nafkah `Iddah dan Mut`ah Sebelum Ikrar Talak Perspektif Sadd Al-Dzari`ah. Studi di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda), dalam SAKINA: Journal of Family Studies, vol. 3, 2019.

Sikti, Ahmad Syahrus. (2019). Dinamika Hukum Islam, cet. 1. Yogyakarta: t.p.

Suyanto, Bagong. Masalah Sosial Anak. Jakarta: Kencana, cet. III, 2016.

Tarmizi, Kode Etik Profesi Tentang Hukum, cet. 1. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, (2019).Tim Penyusun, Himpunan Perundang-Undangan Republik Indonesia:

Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak. (2018). Jakarta: Laksana, cet. I,.https://www.mahkamahagung.go.id.

Binjai, Pengadilan Agama. (2017). Laporan Tahunan 2016. Binjai: 03 Januari.

Medan, Pengadilan Agama. (2017). Laporan Tahunan 2016. Medan: 04 Januari.

Stabat, Pengadilan Agama. Laporan Tahunan 2016. Binjai: 23 Desember

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1717