Effect of Working Conditions on Mental Health Health Personnel in the Covid-19 Pandemic

Stefani Stascia, Rudy Pramono

Abstract


Healthcare workers face Covid-19 patients and are at risk of being exposed to the virus, they also work long shifts, with high workloads, and face logistical constraints. This study was conducted to determine the effect of working conditions on the mental health of healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the independent variables, which are working hours, workload, support from peers, support from supervisors, logistical support and occupational competence on the mediating variable which is working conditions, and to determine the effect of working conditions on the dependent variable of mental health. This research was conducted in Depok City, involving 162 health workers at SMC Hospital. Questionnaires were distributed using the google form application to collect data based on quota sampling, the questionnaire contained 58 questions using a Likert scale value 1 – 5. All data analysis used the PLS-SEM method with the results of the study stating that there was a positive impact between all independent variables on working conditions and there is a positive impact between the working conditions variable and mental health. It was also found that there is low predictive accuracy with low predictive relevance on the dependent variable of mental health, while the mediating variable working conditions has moderate predictive accuracy with high predictive relevance, so this research can be developed further to obtain an appropriate model. This research also has managerial implications as well as recommendations for further research.


Keywords


working conditions; mental health; healthcare professional; working hours;workload, support from peers; support from supervisors; logistic support;occupational competence;Covid-19;Coronavirus

Full Text:

PDF

References


Barnay, T. (2016). Health, work and working conditions: a review of the European economic literature. The European Journal of Health Economics, 17(6), 693-709.

Bashir, A., Amir, A., Jawaad, M., & Hasan,T. (2020). Work conditions and job performance: An indirect conditional motivation. Cogent effect of Business & Luxembourg and International Labor Organization, Geneva. Management, 7(1), 1801961.

California Nurse-to-Patient Ratios - UNAC/UHCP. (2008). Retrieved 12 July 2021, from https:// unacuhcp.org/californianurse- to-patient-ratios/

Changgui, CHEN, Junfang, XUA N., HUANG, X., Hongyan, SHO Flanagan, RJ (2006). Globalization and labor conditions: working conditions and worker rights in a global economy. Oxford University Press.

González-Rivera, JA, Pagan-Torres, O. M., & Pérez-Torres, EM (2020). Depression, Anxiety and Stress U., Jinhong, FU, Gongyi, WA NG, & Zhaobin, CAI (2020). Scales (DASS-21): validity problem construct in Strategy of hospital logistics support to the battle against novel coronavirus pneumonia. Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration, E002-E002.

Chin, WW (1998), “The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling”, in Marcoulides, GA (Ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research, Mahwah, Erlbaum, pp. 295-358.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): How is Hispanics. European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education, 10(1), 375-389.Hair Jr, JF, Hult, GTM, Ringle, CM, & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage publications. Hair Jr, JF, Matthews, LM, Matthews, RL, & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS- SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to it is transmitted?. (2021). Retrieved 23 May 2021, from https://www.who.int/news-room/qa- use. International Multivariate Data 107-123. Journal of Analysis, 1(2), detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19- how-is-it-transmitted

Creswell, JW, & Creswell, JD (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches Fifth Edition. Sage publications.

Demerouti, E., Bakker, AB, Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, WB (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied psychology, 86(3), 499.

F., Xue, Q., Peng, M., ... & Wang, HX (2020). Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during Journal of Medical Reviews, 2(2), 230-241. the COVID-19 epidemic China.

Hastuti, R. (2021). Full Hospital,Covid-19 Patients Difficult to Get Treatment. Retrieved 23 May 2021, from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/ne ws/20210108121412-4- 214463/hospitals-full-of-covid-19- difficult-to-treat.

IDI, P. (2020). Standard Guidelines Doctor's Protection in the Covid-19 Era. Indonesian Doctors Association, September, 40.

IDI, P. (2020). Standard Guidelines Doctor's Protection in the Covid-19 Era. Jakarta: PB Indonesian Doctors Association (PB IDI).

Indonesia, C. (2021). Important phenomenon One Year of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Retrieved 23 May 2021, from https:// www.cnnindonesia.com/nasi onal/ d/2021/01/28/141625123/most - in-asia-647-nakes- indonesiameningal-due-covid-19

Kaplan, HI, & Sadock, BJ (2020). Synopsis of Behavioral sciences psychiatry: clinical Number 52 of 2018 concerning

Kock, N., & Hadaya, P. (2018). Minimum sample size estimation in PLS‐ SEM: The inverse square root and gamma‐exponential

Kumar, R. (2018). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners.Sage. EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION: STUDY IN JOA CASE BANGKOK.

Liu, Z., Wang, R., ... & Zhang, X. (2020). The prevalence and risk factors of psychological disturbances of frontline medical staff in china under the COVID-19 epidemic: Workload should be concerned. Journal of affective disorders, 277, 510-514.

MHA. (2021). The Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in COVID-19. (2021). Retrieved 14 July 2021, strain: Implications for redesign. Administrative quarterly, 285-308. Job science from https://mhanational.org/mentalhealth- healthcare-workers-covid-19 Murray.

M., Davies, M., & Boushon, B. (2021). Panel Size: How Many Patients Can One Doctor Manage?. Retrieved 12 July 2021, from methods. Information System https://www.aafp.org/fpm/2007/04 Journal, 28(1), 227-261. Kristensen, TS, Borritz, M., Villadsen, E.,/p44.html

Margolis, BL, Kroes, WH, & Quinn, R.P. (1974). Job stress: An unlisted occupational hazards. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 16(10), 659-661. GuineaPig, MG, Stansfeld, S., Patel, C.,

Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. 20210302135537-20- 612692/important-event-one- (2018). Health Regulation Republic Minister Indonesia year-pandemic-covid-19

Media, K. (2021). Most in Asia, 647Indonesian health worker dies due to Covid-19. Retrieved 23 May 2021, fromhttps://www.kompas.com/sains/rea

North, F., Head, J., White, I., ... & Smith, GD (1991). Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. The Lancet, 337(8754), 1387-1393 Maslow, AH (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological review, 50(4), 370.

Organization (2019). Working conditions in a global perspective. Office of the European Union, Occupational Safety and Health in Health Service Facilities. Ministry of Health psychiatry. Williams & Wilkins Co. Karasek Jr., RA (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental

Patel, M., & Patel, N. (2019). Exploring Research Methodology: Review Article. International Journal of Research and Review, 6(3), 48-55.

Pandey, A., & Chairungruang, S. (2020). & Christensen, KB (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory:EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT,A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work & Stress, 19(3), 192-207.

Pejtersen, JH, Kristensen, TS, Borg, V.,& Bjorner, JB (2010). The second version of the Copenhagen PsychosocialQuestionnaire.Scandinavian journal of public health, 38(3_suppl), 8-24.

Portoghese, I., Galletta, M., Coppola, R.C., Finco, G., & Campagna, M. (2014). Burnout and workload among health care workers: the moderatingrole of job control. Safety and World Health Organization.health at work, 5(3), 152-157.

Ray, L., Gorman, P., Schuldheis, S., . . . & Helfand, M. (2003). The effect of health care working conditions on patiesnatfety. Evidence report/technology assessment (Summary), (74), 1-3.

S., & Karadere, E. (2020). Depression, anxiety, stress levels of physicians and associated factors in Covid-19 pandemics. Psychiatry research, 290, 113130.Eurofound and International Labor

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons.

Shahsavarani, AM, Azad Marz Abadi, E., & Hakimi Kalkhoran, M. (2015). Stress: Facts and theories through literature review. International (nd). Frequently asked questions. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/suggestions/faq / en/

Siegrist, J. (1996). Adverse health effects of high-effort/low-rewardconditions. Journal of occupational health psychology, 1(1), 27. Timeline: WHO's COVID-19 response.

Susilawati, et al. (2020). Impact of COVID-19’s Pandemic on the Economy of Indonesia. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal).

(2021). Retrieved 23 May 2021, from https://www.who.int/emergencies/ diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactivetimeline?gclid=CjwKCAjw3pWDBhB3EiwAV1c5rDpJJeDsDCwXYG8L-wawUw4gg-FUB- Eswd_QAAi8nw6cdjBUNHpTaxo CqwYQAvD_BwE#!

THAILAND. International oJofurnal Economics, Business and Accounting Research(IJEBAR), 4(02).

WHO. (2018). Mental health: strengthening our response. (2021). Retrieved 14 July 2021, from https://www.who.int/newsroom/fact- sheets/detail/mentalhealth-psychosomatics, 89(4), 242-250.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i4.3026

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 73 times
PDF - 36 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.